Year-2013
http://dspace.iitrpr.ac.in:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/63
2024-03-28T14:10:51ZFriction stir processing of mild steel to enhance its surface hardness
http://dspace.iitrpr.ac.in:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/4333
Friction stir processing of mild steel to enhance its surface hardness
Grewal, H.S.; Singh, H.; Agrawal, A.; Arora, H.S.
Friction stir processing (FSP) is a material processing technique recognized to enhance the mechanical properties of the material owing to micro-structural refinement. In the present study, the feasibility of the use of FSP for processing of mild steel has been explored. Using FSP, the micro-structural refinement of the steel surface was obtained, resulting in an average grain sizes of the order of 100 nm as confirmed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Along with grain size refinement, an evolution of various phases was also studied with the help of X-ray diffraction (XRD). It was observed that ferrite was the only phase present in both processed and unprocessed steel.FSP was found to be useful to enhance the micro-hardness of the steel by 50 to 80%, in comparison with that of the un-processed steel.
2022-12-22T00:00:00ZA section approach to a traffic flow model on networks
http://dspace.iitrpr.ac.in:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/4332
A section approach to a traffic flow model on networks
Gupta, A.K.
The development of real time traffic flow models for urban road networks is of paramount importance for the purposes of optimizing and control of traffic flow. Motivated by the modeling of road networks in last decade, this paper proposes a different and simplified approach, known as section approach to model road networks in the framework of macroscopic traffic flow models. For evaluation of the traffic states on a single road, an anisotropic continuum GK-model developed by [Gupta and Katiyar, J. Phys. A 38, 4069 (2005)] is used as a single-section model. This model is applied to a two-section single lane road with points of entry and exits. In place of modeling the effect of off- and on-ramps in the continuity equation, a set of special boundary condition is taken into account to treat the points of entry and exit. A four-section road network comprised of two one-lane roads is also modeled using this methodology. The performances of the section approaches are investigated and obtained results are demonstrated over simulated data for different boundary conditions.
2022-12-22T00:00:00ZA faster algorithm to update betweenness centrality after node alteration
http://dspace.iitrpr.ac.in:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/4194
A faster algorithm to update betweenness centrality after node alteration
Goel, K.; Singh, R.R.; Iyengar, S.; Sukrit
Betweenness centrality is a centrality measure that is widely used, with applications across several disciplines. It is a measure which quantifies the importance of a vertex based on its occurrence in shortest paths between all possible pairs of vertices in a graph. This is a global measure, and in order to find the betweenness centrality of a node, one is supposed to have complete information about the graph. Most of the algorithms that are used to find betwenness centrality assume the constancy of the graph and are not efficient for dynamic networks. We propose a technique to update betweenness centrality of a graph when nodes are added or deleted. Our algorithm experimentally speeds up the calculation of betweenness centrality (after updation) from 7 to 412 times, for real graphs, in comparison to the currently best known technique to find betweenness centrality.
2022-11-18T00:00:00ZReal options as a decision-making tool in climate finance evaluated with a case study on CCS
http://dspace.iitrpr.ac.in:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/4155
Real options as a decision-making tool in climate finance evaluated with a case study on CCS
Bose, A.; Badhawan, A.D.; Mukherjee, A.; Bandyopadhyay, S.
Climate action is a challenging task and uncertainties in climate science make decision making extremely difficult. In this paper we evaluate the role that Real Options can play in helping decision making towards climate action. It also looks into whether evaluation via Real Options-keeping uncertainties in mind-will be a sensible choice from a broader macroeconomic viewpoint. While no single measure may alone be sufficient for climate change mitigation, Carbon Capture and Sequestration/Storage (CCS), along with energy efficiency improvements, renewable energy, enhancement of biological sinks, and other measures, may be able to achieve the emissions reductions needed to achieve climate stabilization. In addition, there will be important decisions in climate adaptation areas too, further adding to the complexities of decision making for climate action. In this paper, a normative case study is incorporated to determine the cost of CCS action in India. While arriving at the costs, a provision for the financial risk of storage has also been added. Given the costs, Real Options analysis is undertaken to arrive at a decision. The Real Options valuation is done using the Black-Scholes method. Ultimately, the Real Options framework is scrutinized from a broader macroeconomic perspective to understand its suitability for a more dynamic global economy as well as the effects of large climate funds on the framework, including how important a decision-making framework like Real Options is for a sustainable world.
2022-11-11T00:00:00Z