Analysis and control of electromechanical oscillations in renewable-integrated power systems

Abstract

In response to global climate change, there has been a significant shift in energy generation towards sustainable, renewable energy sources, with an increasing focus on wind and solar-based renewable sources. Continued global collaboration, international cooperation, and national commitments are significant global efforts involving more economic investments and technological research that cause the widespread transition from fossil fuel to adopting more sustainable and low-carbon energy for future generations. Rapid developments of renewable sources worldwide, their intermittent characteristics, complex control architecture, and characteristics of dynamic response have issued major challenges in the stability of modern power systems. Therefore, it is essential to explore the dynamic interaction between the various control loops of renewable sources and synchronous generators of the power system. One of the major aspects to consider in addressing such concerns is understanding the synchronizing/damping torque offered by renewable sources to the electromechanical oscillation loop of the synchronous generator. In this regard, the work explores the major impacts and challenges arising from the increasing penetration of wind or solar-based renewable sources into power systems. Further, it explores the major impacts and challenges arising from the growing penetration of wind and solar-based renewable sources into power systems. A unique methodology is proposed to evaluate the impact of various system parameters on the damping torque offered by the Doubly-Fed Induction Generator-based (DFIG-based) Wind Energy System (WES) to the Electromechanical Oscillation Loop (EOL) of the Rest of the Power Systems (RPS). Furthermore, a new method of Power System Stabilizer (PSS) design is proposed for a power system that contains a DFIG-based wind farm enabled with a Virtual Inertial Controller (VIC) and Phase Locked Loop (PLL) and also presents a unique methodology of probabilistic small signal stability analysis of power systems consisting of large-scale SPVs, which is performed considering various parameters and their uncertainties. Ranking of all the generator buses of a power system is obtained by probabilistic modal sensitivity analysis based on different Sensitivity Analysis (SA) tools such as (a) Sobol Sensitivity Analysis, (b) Random Balance Designs - Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Test (RBD - FAST), (c) Delta Moment, and (d) Pianosi and Wagener (PAWN) on the power system by replacing each generator with a similarly rated Solar Photo-Voltaic (SPV) system under the uncertainties of load variations and generator output.